An Ultimate Guide to Interior Design

PART 1 – INTRODUCTION

Interior design refers to the professional and comprehensive practice of creating an interior environment that addresses human needs. It also ensures those needs are protected and fully attended to. The main objective of interior design is to incorporate process, strategy and a mandate for safety, well-being and health, with informed decisions about aesthetics.

As a whole, interior design encapsulates planning of a functional solution that is technical, creative, functional and sustainable, simultaneously corresponding to the architecture of a space. From a different perspective, a good interior design also improves a space by adapting to its purpose well. Though interior design has evolved over time, one element remains constant - the best interiors are always those that combine form and function. Space planning is key in making this possible. To provide you with a clear picture, this article will take a deep-dive into how exactly interior design works.

PART 2 – DEEP-DIVE INTO INTERIOR DESIGN

2.1. Seven principles of interior design

While home interior design inspirations are all around us, we may still find ourselves running out of ideas from time to time. In such instances, learning the seven principles of interior design before commencing your dream project will help you truly understand what works the best for your home design. These solid principles clearly define any project. At the same time, seek professional advice from any home interior design company to facilitate a smoother interior design process.

In this section, we will delve into each of the principles in detail and guide you through the implementation process, allowing you to transform your dream home into reality.

Learn more: Popular Home Interior Design Styles

1. Balance

In interior design, balance indicates the creation of visual harmony and unity in a space. It goes beyond following exact measurements or rules. Balance also focuses on the even distribution of all elements to establish a sense of equilibrium in your design. You may use colours, patterns, shapes, textures and other forms to strike a balance. Still in doubt? Here are the three key points to consider for achieving the perfect balance in an interior design project.

(i) Symmetrical balance

This balance is achieved through arrangement of elements on either side of an imaginary central axis. You may visualise it as a 50/50 balance or a mirror image.

Example: Placing two identical sofas on either side of the centre line facing each other.

Rationale: To create a sense of elegance and refinement.

(ii) Asymmetrical balance

This balance focuses on visual weight, texture and scale. Objects are not arranged equal on both sides of the centre line. It aims to keep the focal point on the imaginary axis by placing different elements together, thus, creating interest without looking unbalanced. Sounds complicated? Fret not, there are always interior design service providers to assist you in achieving a desired outcome.

Example: Displaying works of art at different heights on a wall.

Rationale: To give a more energetic and natural feel.

(iii) Radial balance

This is all about arranging objects around a central focal point, mostly a circle. The focal point can be a centre of the room where all other elements radiate outward from it in curvy or straight lines.

Example: Placing a round dining table in the middle of the dining room and surrounding it with chairs in a circular pattern.

Rationale: To create a soothing atmosphere.

2. Unity

Unity in interior design encompasses leveraging similarity and repetition in elements to establish visual and conceptual connections. This brings about uniformity or harmony among the aspects utilised in design. When such elements are carefully curated, all interior details including colour schemes, decoration and more, blend seamlessly. Generally, the feel of “togetherness” can be achieved through the use of similar colours, patterns or textures, repetition of elements and equal spacing of objects. Listed below are some guidelines for you to develop harmony through unity:

(i) Add contrast to create visual interest

Despite the focus on a visually balanced space, the concept of unity should not make everything look the same. Therefore, it is advisable to apply contrast to create visual interest in a room but also, be mindful to avoid visual dissonance. For instance, select one or two accent colours for accessories that integrate well with the main colour scheme. If you are unsure of how to do so, seeking assistance from any interior design consultancy in Singapore is highly recommended.

(ii) Leverage repetition

Repetition refers to the use of one or more elements more than once in the same design to establish visual connections between objects. This technique can help to achieve unity and harmony in interior design, through the use of patterns, colours and textures with similar characteristics. Using a specific shape throughout the space can be a good example.

(iii) Make use of a unifying element

Apart from that, visual unity can also be achieved by applying one unifying element throughout the space. You may use a dominant colour, or furniture with similar shapes and textures to complement each other. The first step is to determine the primary design element, followed by the use of matching colours and textures in other parts of the room. Whether you are planning to work on a Singapore HDB design or condominium renovation project, it is vital to look for a reliable interior design company that can help with all the details.

3. Rhythm

With regards to interior design, rhythm involves the creation of repetition and contrast in an interior, carrying visual interest in the entire room. Rhythm can be curated in multiple ways and here are some of them:

(i) Repetition rhythm

Method: Using the same colour or pattern at different intervals.

Example: Matching a green wall with green dining chair cushions.

(ii) Alternating rhythm

Method: Using two or more components interchangeably.

Example: Alternating two types of pendant lights.

(iii) Progression rhythm

Method: Arranging elements in ascending or descending order based on their characteristics.

Example: Arranging decorative blocks from smallest to largest.

4. Scale and proportion

This mainly relates to the ratio. Designers typically use a golden ratio, the 1.618 ratio, to achieve harmony in design. The rationale ensures that size and dimension of objects in a room are proportionate to one another. To guarantee the best design outcomes, get a service quotation from interior design consultancy services.

5. Contrast

As one of the fundamental principles of interior design, contrast can be created through placement of at least two elements with opposing characteristics together in a space. Beyond highlighting particular room features, contrast can also instil visual interest into an interior space. These are the four main techniques to achieve contrast in interior design:

• Texture

• Colour

• Shape

• Materials

6. Emphasis

This involves the process of creating a focal point within a designated space. The main objective of using emphasis lies in garnering viewers’ attention to the focal point and diverting that from a less desirable area. Here are some elements that you can use to create emphasis:

• Colour

Choose suitable colours to create a focal point as emphasis. For example, you may use a soft beige against neutral shades like warm white. The selection of colours may be challenging as there are many factors to take into account. Therefore, do not hesitate to seek help from any interior design company in Singapore if you find it difficult to coordinate the colours.

• Architectural details

It is also recommended to make use of architectural details such as intricate flooring, exposed beams and more, to create a focal point. These examples also add aesthetics to your interior design.

• Statement furniture

Incorporating statement furniture is a great alternative to create a focal point for emphasis. Such furniture should feature contrasting colours, silhouettes or textures. In general, distinct forms can foster emphasis within a space.

7. Details

Every small detail in a room from light switches to throw pillows makes a big impact when it comes to interior design projects. Those details can improve the overall appearance of a room, when combined carefully. However, finding the right details for your interior design can be time-consuming and complex, especially when you are doing it for the first time. To save you from the hassle, here are some recommended design details that may elevate your interior look:

• Plants

• Flooring

• Lighting

• Switchplates and plug outlet covers

• Wall treatments and art

• Window treatments

• Architectural trim

• Pillows

Better still, contact a renovation company in Singapore to see what other details can be added to revitalise your space.

2.2. Seven elements of interior design

Interior design is more than just enhancing the distinct features of a room. It also compensates for flaws in an interior, if any. Contributing to the process of interior design are seven crucial elements that you should be aware of before embarking on your interior design project. Knowing what those elements are and how to apply them can improve the process and help you better express yourself through style. Find out more about the seven elements below.

1. Colour

In interior design, colour can be among the most influential aspects. Selecting the right colour scheme makes all the difference whether it is for a HDB or condo interior design in Singapore. Before deciding on one to style your home interior, it is vital to consider your visual preferences, the style you want to cultivate and other aspects. Here are some effects of colours on your interior design:

• Colour evokes different emotions.

• Colour can either be used as a backdrop, or the focus of the decorative scheme.

• Colour can change the size or proportions of a room visually.

2. Form

Also known as shapes, forms indicate three-dimensionality by the sculptural use of two-dimensional shapes that interact with various design elements. They are usually described as either geometric or natural. Geometric is often associated to hard lines and square edges, while the latter refers to more organic forms possibly created by nature. To make good use of forms for your interior, do consider the proportions and scale of the room compared to the objects placed within it. Also, be mindful to add forms of similar shapes to create harmony.

3. Light

Whether it is natural, man-made or a combination of both, the use of light in a space should never be overlooked. Other elements may not work without the help of quality lighting. Generally, light is categorised as task lighting, mood lighting and accent lighting, which is meant for defined purpose, ambience creation and object emphasising respectively. Bear in mind to consider the activities conducted in each space, when choosing lighting. For instance, bright lighting should be installed in an office. On the other hand, you may also manipulate natural lighting to set the mood of a space. This can be done through clever placement of doors, windows and mirrors. It is safe to say that lighting has become an important aspect for condo interior design in Singapore. As condominiums may typically be smaller and lighting can create the illusion of space, many home owners have realised how the balance of natural and man-made lights play an important role in their home aesthetics.

4. Line

A line is the perimeter around a form or shape. It can be a focal point that brings a sense of order to a space, while softening the overall look of an interior. There are different types of lines that serve their own purposes. Read on to see how they help to shape a room.

(i) Horizontal lines

You may create these lines with tables and other surfaces. If used carefully, horizontal lines can “enlarge” a room visually, while providing the perception of stability.

(ii) Vertical lines

Vertical lines evoke feelings of freedom. They are often best incorporated in dining rooms, offices and entries. If you would like to create an illusion of a taller room, vertical lines are an ideal option.

(iii) Dynamic lines

Stimulating to the eye, dynamic lines are in diagonal, curved or zigzag forms. They capture attention by making a room look more lively. Dynamic lines tend to present themselves in round staircases. To avoid excessive distraction, interior designers will maintain a balance by using different lines.

5. Pattern

A pattern intentionally repeats design elements such as lines or forms to add visual interest, texture and depth. While this can revitalise a space, it is important to avoid using too many clashing patterns. Patterns are usually visible on wallpaper, lighting and many more.

6. Texture

Texture refers to how an object feels to the touch and it provides. a unique dimension to the room. Textures within a space are usually mixed to deliver depth subtlety. Home renovation contractors in Singapore are always ready to help should you find it challenging to incorporate texture into your interior design.

7. Space

Space is the core of an interior design project. A well-coordinated space enhances the functionality and appearance of your interior. There are two basic types of space to choose from. Learn about their differences below:

• 2-D space

2D-space covers the length and width of a room. It should be considered when selecting certain carpets or rugs.

• 3-D space

3-D space accounts for the height of a room. It is important for the addition of new shelvings or furniture.

2.3 Five myths about collaborating with an Interior Designer debunked

Due to misinformation and unawareness, myths revolving around the topic of collaborating with interior designers exist. Here are the five myths debunked.

Myth 1: All old furniture should be replaced

Debunked: Instead of persuading you to replace old furniture with new ones, most interior designers may suggest refinishing case-goods, which revitalises a well-used piece. They will also tell you what to expect within your budget.

Myth 2: A furniture store works as well as an interior designer

Debunked: A furniture store usually curates furniture to fit your space, while an interior designer leverages their expertise to add personality to your space. The roles complement each other without any of them replacing another.

Myth 3: Only engage interior designers upon completion of a house project

Debunked: You may be planning for a condo or HDB renovation in Singapore currently to improve the look of your interior. While there may be misconceptions that interior designers should only be engaged once a house project is finalised, this is not true. In fact, consulting interior designers before starting the building process ensures a better review of floor plan options and other details.

Myth 4: Interior design work only takes a few weeks to complete

Debunked: Interior design work requires collective efforts from the entire production teams, as well as months to prepare. It takes time to tailor make all the elements required for particular home design solutions.

Myth 5: Homeowners will have zero input in the design process

Debunked: Good interior designers are attentive to your needs and always involve you in decision making. They will transform your ideas to reality by developing a comprehensive design plan that is specially customised to you.

PART 3 – RESIDENTIAL & COMMERCIAL INTERIOR DESIGNS

3.1. Residential interior design

The living room is by far one of the most important areas in a house. It is where most of your time is spent besides sleeping in the bedroom. Planning for a living room makeover? Here are five tips to add personality to your living room interiors.

1. Choose the right sofa

Consider the functionality of your living room before getting any sofa and be sure not to oversaturate the space. Any home interior design company can be your advisor if you are unsure of which products suit your space best.

2. Decorate the walls

Walls are for making an impression. You can easily add a few frames and create art wall decors at a low budget.

3. Decide on a focal point

A focal point acts as the "biggest" feature of your living room, drawing attention. Pictures, windows or built-in bookcases make for great focal points.

4. Lighting

Make use of accent, ambient and task lighting types to make your living room look harmonic. This also gives the space a more intriguing appearance.

5. Go green

Elevate your living room by adding greenery with house plants. Apart from aesthetic purposes, many house plants are also natural air purifiers, removing harmful toxins and pollutants from the air, improving indoor air quality.

The aforementioned tips should give you a better idea when it comes to envisioning your ideal living room. Next, follow the steps below to facilitate a smooth space planning and interior design process.

Step 1: Do the measurements

Step 2: Visualise the layout

Step 3: Pick a style

Step 4: Choose suitable furniture

Step 5: Play with colours

Step 6: Add accessories

3.2 Commercial interior design

Apart from quality curriculum, a conducive learning environment also helps to bring out the best in students. Listed below are several reasons why creating a positive space that motivates both students and teachers is so important.

1. Stimulate students’ creativity

A well-designed interior consisting of the proper learning facilities stimulates students and the desire to learn and innovate. The right atmosphere and decorative elements are some factors that play a part in this.

2. Flexibility

An easily accessible location with plenty of space empowers flexibility. Students are free to choose their desired spaces when holding discussions of working on their projects and assessments. For example, setting up a quiet zone allows students to focus on their studies more easily.

3. Boosting the learning progress

Good school interior design plays a vital role in improving students’ academic performance and also enhances their overall well-being. This can be achieved through the use of adequate lighting, proper furniture arrangement and incorporation of natural elements. The key is to create an open and organised space that ensures comfort and focus.

Besides education institutions, luxury hotels should also emphasise on space planning and interior design. Hotel interiors that embody beauty, luxury and comfort elevate the hotel-staying experience. As a luxury hotel operator, you may find the following tips useful when it comes to exuding indulgence and luxe.

1. Use natural light

Incorporating beautifully stylish mirrors is a good starting point to make use of natural light, creating a luxurious, spacious interior.

2. Insert art pieces

Art effectively conveys the sensibilities of an interior with its unique expression. Using art pieces is akin to having story-telling sessions that not only enhances branding and immersiveness but elevates the experience of a space.

3. Make guests feel welcome

An armchair tucked away in a little nook makes for a lovely, cosy corner for guests to spend their spare time. Apart from a classy interior, never forget hospitality. Ask yourself how you can serve your guests better in terms of service. Afterall, aesthetics and hospitality always come hand in hand to create an unforgettable stay.

4. Use statement lighting

Bold lighting elevates hotel interiors so be sure to go for one that suits the space well. When selecting statement lighting, it is best to consider the purpose of the light and the overall style of the hotel. Statement lighting can be incorporated in a few ways. For instance, use chandeliers to create focal points in hotel lobbies and other common areas.

5. Present an impactful star piece

A “star piece” brings out your interior style. It is often a very public display in a private space that creates impact, drawing the attention of those who enter the area. Unlike a focal point, a star piece usually involves one piece of item that catches the eye while a focal point may refer to a general area of the room used to garner attention. This may be a collection of artwork or a display of books, rather than just a single "star piece."

A company's culture is also closely related to interior design. Here are some essential interior design elements that you can use to promote the sense of unity and cohesiveness within your organisation.

• Furniture

• Nature indoors

• Colour schemes

• Layout/space

• Lighting

3.3 Renovation expertise

M2 Decor Pte Ltd provides streamlined interior design and renovation services in Singapore. Refer to the following list to see how we bring out the best in any space:

1. Residential (HDB, condo, apartment, landed)

With years of experience and expertise, we are well-positioned to forge your dream Singapore HDB design, or construct a few amenities to boost its practicality.

2. Commercial (Tuition centres, hotels, offices)

Well-versed in our field, we go beyond taking on residential projects. Working on the renovation and design of all small to medium size commercial spaces including renovating office spaces, office reinstatement and educational institutions, we take commercial design to new levels.

Learn more: Incorporating Branding into your Office Design

3. JustKitchen

Never underestimate a beautiful and functional kitchen’s impact on your life and home. Our team at M2 Decor is highly capable of improving the overall look and functionality of your landed kitchen. We provide amazing ideas to consider for your landed kitchen renovation. This covers cabinetry, flooring, appliances and other elements.

3.4 Questions you may have

1. Is interior design expensive?

Most interior design services come in packages, which usually include space planning, project management, design consultations, masonry, etc. Prices vary based on what’s in the package.

2. How do I choose an ideal home interior style?

The simplest way is by gathering inspiration. You may find styling ideas from interior design magazines and coffee table books, as well as visiting local art galleries, botanical gardens, restaurants and museums, among other aesthetic places.

3. Why is interior design important?

Interior design provides a set of aesthetically pleasing yet efficient solutions for a better use of the space in question. It aims to improve the user experience through thoughtful space planning.

CONCLUSION

Interior design plays a significantly large part in our life today, paving the way for a more stylish and higher-quality lifestyle. One of the most important elements of interior designing are the interior designers, who take the time to understand the needs of their clients and leverage their expertise to help them achieve their dream interior.

M2 Decor Pte Ltd is established as a one-stop streamlined interior design and renovation company in Singapore. We offer both commercial and residential renovation. Call us now to find out more about our services.